Le protocole API (application programming interfaces), en permettant aux systèmes d’information d’échanger leurs données selon un format standardisé, confirme et amplifie le grand mouvement de fragmentation et de circulation des données à l’œuvre sur le web social. Avec quelles conséquences pour les industries médias ?
[<a href= »http://storify.com/smcfrance/media-api » mce_href= »http://storify.com/smcfrance/media-api » target= »_blank »>View the story « Vers une APIsation des médias ? » on Storify</a>]<br /> <h1>Vers une APIsation des médias ?</h1> <h2></h2> <p>Storified by SMCFrance · Wed, Nov 14 2012 07:16:09</p> <div>Movideo</div> <div>API days, The First International event on APIs in Europe #apidaysnow the web is programmable;through application programming interfaces, aka APIs. Web APIs are a unique opportunity for companies, govern…</div> <div><b>Des entrepôts de données communicants.<br></b>API est un protocole d’accès à un système d’information pour un autre système d’information, afin qu’ils échangent des données entre eux.<br>Les API sont la clef du web social et du web des données. C’est par elles que transitent les données. C’est par leur croisement que se construisent de nouveaux services et de nouvelles connaissances. <b>Si les données sont les entrepôts d’information, nul n’y accède sans clef, et cette clef, ce sont les API. </b><br><b>La guerre des stratégies autour des API </b>(à savoir la façon dont elles sont proposées, ouvertes, payantes à partir d’un certain seuil d’utilisation, gratuites, réciproques…) <b>est en train de façonner l’internet et tout ce qui en dépend. </b><br><br></div> <div>Comprendre Facebook (3/3) : L’internet des API, le web des applicationsPour les 500 millions d’utilisateurs de Facebook il semble n’y avoir qu’une manière d’accéder à Facebook : celle de se connecter sur le r…</div> <div>News organizations can develop APIs so their content can be customized and mashed up with additional information at other web sites.<b> It’s one more way for a news organization to participate in and make its content available to a larger online network.</b></div> <div>API | The Transition to Digital Journalism | kdmcBerkeleyAPI, which stands for Application Programming Interface, is a way a website or service can allow integration of its content into other we…</div> <div>Integration is a virtue to be cultivated and is often a first-class citizen along with the user experience (UX) itself. It’s increasingly less common to see new Web applications appear without a good API to match, since startups have long ago learned that <b>if you have anything good to offer, much — if not most — of your usage will come via the API and not the UX.</b></div> <div><b>The enterprise APIs of the future, social and otherwise, will typically be successful for the following reasons:</b><br><b><br>1) Simple</b><br>The NetworkedHelpDesk.org API is expressed on a single Web page. It’s easy to comply with, won’t have too many alternative interpretations, can be understood by any level of developer, and has fewer holes to exploit from a security perspective. The chance of an standard of being adopted is inversely proportion to its complexity, so shorter is better. Simple is also more scalable in today’s deeply connected, cloud-based, ecosystem-oriented world<br><br><b>2) Doesn’t reinvent the wheel<br></b>A good API builds on top of the shoulders of giants. It doesn’t invent its own markup language (JSON, XML, plain text work great), its own security system (HTTPS and HMAC), transfer model (REST is usually best), unless there literally is no other choice.<br><br>&
amp;amp;amp;lt;b>3) Browser and smart mobile device consumable.</b><br>Browser-friendliness is one reason that JSON is so popular, but now API developers must closely consider iOS and Android consumability as well.<br><br><b>4) Aimed at a common, recurring problem<br></b>Trying to solve too many problems results in an API that doesn’t solve any of them very well. Stay focused on a particular problem and doing it very well is the secret to API success.<b><br><br>5) Web-oriented</b><br>The applications and services of the Web have been forced to solve problems in scales that even the largest enterprises just don’t have to deal with. In addition, the Web is the primary de facto channel that the applications of the future will have to deal with. Having any impedance with the Web will ensure the API adoption will decrease as soon as a better alternative is discovered.<br><br><b>6) Social media friendly<br></b>Social media is now the dominant form of person-to-person communication on the Web. While not every API will need to concern itself with social media, just doing simple things like using ATOM, short links, and social identities via URL can go a long way. Deeper alignment with the activity streams standard and <a href= »http://www.ebizq.net/blogs/enterprise/2010/10/making_enterprise_applications.php » mce_href= »http://www.ebizq.net/blogs/enterprise/2010/10/making_enterprise_applications.php » class= » »>enterprise OpenSocial</a> may also help.</div> <div>Enabling collaboration with open APIs | ZDNetIt’s long been easy to connect applications together on the Web, particularly in social media. But we’re only now finally starting to see…</div> <div> <p><b>Offering an API means that you allow developers programmatic access to your information.</b><br><b>So instead of publishing your data as a web site and hoping people will come to it, you allow people to tap into your data and show your information in their sites</b>. You also allow them to build applications driven by your data on other platforms like Facebook, Mobile Phones, game consoles and TV sets or wherever they please.<br><br></p> <p><b>By separating your data from your web product and offering an API you reap several rewards:</b></p> <p>- You can monitor web and API use separately and see where the strengths of your product lie.<br>- You double your audience already by offering two different ways to access the same data.<br>- You have a new source of income as people may pay for usage of your data.<br>- You reach lots more end users as people will build applications with your data and embed the data in relevant products. That way you can piggyback on the success of other products, frameworks and platforms.<br>- Your data being displayed somewhere else and attributed back to you is a link back to your site much like a banner ad would be.<br>- By offering your data out there you outsource innovation – a lot of creative uses of your data and especially mixing them with other APIs will show you just how much can be done with what you have. A lot of times we are far too close to the product to realize its potential. </p> </div> <div>A predictable web of data – the why of YQL – free book excerptA changing web Web development in the last few years has changed drastically. When you see how people use the web these days we are not t…</div> <div><b>You don’t launch a Web site anymore. You go straight to the API and create a service.</b></div> <div>The New Startup – Just Add APIsRealtidbits is the model of the new startup. It did not start with the Web site. It started with an API. That’s representative of a new t…</div> <div>With less content being consumed on traditional websites and more content appearing in apps or integrated into social platforms, syndication moves from a supplementary channel to center stage. <b>APIs allow for syndication partners to directly access dat
a and media in real time obliterating the need for stale feeds or daily updates.<br></b></div> <div>Social Media API | Media API Management Services | Mashery.comMashery’s social media API solutions provide flexible API tools & features. For more about our media API management services, call (415) …</div> <div><b>Six core competencies are needed to run online business nowadays<br></b>Mike Smith helps transform values and vision of media strategies into action by prioritizing staff’s activities and plans.<br>These competencies are – <b>story telling, entrepreneurship, data mining, marketing, platform management, and community building</b>. There has found no news organization that offers all these strengths at once, but these requirements are compelling to get ahead of the competition. Look at his presentation attached to see how Mike Smith does define the six competencies.</div> <div>Professional Journalism: Core competencies for media strategies</div> <div><b>A core competency is a specific factor that a <a href= »http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business » mce_href= »http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business » class= » »>business</a> sees as being central</b> to the way it, or its <a href= »http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Employees » mce_href= »http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Employees » class= »mw-redirect »>employees</a>, works. It fulfills three key criteria:<br>- It is not easy for competitors to imitate.<br>- It can be re-used widely for many products and markets.<br>- It must contribute to the end consumer’s experienced benefits.</div> <div>Core competency – Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaA core competency is a concept in management theory originally advocated by CK Prahalad, and Gary Hamel, two business book writers. In …</div> <div>Smith competenciesMike Smith, in 2011 head of the Media Management Center at the Northwestern University in Chicago, helps transform values and vision of m…</div> <div>In 2011, <a href= »http://www.guardiannews.com/ » mce_href= »http://www.guardiannews.com/ » class= » »>the Guardian</a> launched its local messaging bulletin: <a href= »http://n0tice.org/ » mce_href= »http://n0tice.org/ » class= » »>n0tice</a>. Although the platform encouraged open journalism, the Guardian has expanded the effort with the launch the <a href= »http://www.programmableweb.com/api/n0tice » mce_href= »http://www.programmableweb.com/api/n0tice » class= » »>n0tice API</a> last week. The very premise of n0tice offers value from a locality perspective. With the open API, the value of the local bulletin can be integrated with any developer’s application.</div> <div>n0tice Promotes Open Journalism with Open APIIn 2011, the Guardian launched its local messaging bulletin: n0tice. Although the platform encouraged open journalism, the Guardian has e…</div> <div><b>An online pipeline to share and distribute public media content on any platform</b>. <p>A “Public Media Platform” — an open <a href= »http://www.poynter.org/column.asp?id=31&aid=160193″ mce_href= »http://www.poynter.org/column.asp?id=31&aid=160193″ class= » »>API</a> that would allow public media organizations across the U.S. to share content with one another, with application developers, and with independent content creators and publishers. <br>Along with giving people greater access to content, the Public Media Platform would make it easier to aggregate and package different news organizations’ stories on major news events such as the BP oil disaster and the earthquake in Haiti. <br></p> </div> <div>HTTP Status Codes and APIs: how the Guardian’s Content API does itWe’ve managed to build up a certain amount of experience over the last few years with building API’s. During the building of our latest C…</div> <div>The Guardian’s Open Platform is open for businessThis is the launch presentation from 20 May, 2010. It was given to the Guardian’s media partners at an event in our London offices. The G…&am
p;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/div> <div>New York Times Gives You 2.8 Million Articles via an APIThe big API day is finally here for the New York Times. After launching a series of interesting and useful APIs since last fall, covering…</div> <div>The Washington Post Launches API Portal for DevelopersFor the first time, The Washington Post is making its APIs available for programmers with the launch of "Powered by The Post," a portal f…</div> <div>outside developers can access NY Times data for use in other applications, interfaces and mashups. <b>We believe that steps like this are going to prove key if big media is to thrive in the future.<br></b><br>One thing that big media still does have a particularly good share of, though, is information processing resources and archival content. The Times’ campaign contribution API is a good example of this. <b>The newspaper is far better prepared to organize that raw information</b>, and perhaps offer complimentary content, than any individual blogger or small news publisher.</div> <div>First New York Times API is Live – Here’s Why it MattersThe much-anticipated first Application Programming Interface (API) from the New York Times went live today, according to a post on the co…</div> <div>Beneath the furor over Twitter’s clampdown on its API is the same dilemma that many traditional media companies like the New York Times are also confronting — namely,<b> how much should you be an open platform, and how much should you be a destination?</b></div> <div>Twitter faces the same dilemma as the New York TimesThere’s been a lot written recently about Twitter and the choices it seems to be making about the future of the network, although the exa…</div> <div>API Journalism | KnowtexAurélien Fache de FaberNovel explique le principe d’une API et ce qu’elles peuvent apporter au journalisme.</div> <div>Une API est une interface qui permet d’effectuer des actions simples et d’échanger des informations avec des services sur Internet. Avec une base de code, on peut ainsi en faire des sources d’information, ou des moyens de diffusion assez rapides et efficaces. La deuxième session Hacks/Hackers était dédiée aux applications des API pour le journalisme :<br></div> <div>#hhpar 2e session : journalisme et APIMardi 25 septembre, au Chaudron (open space de Qunb), s’est tenue la 2e session Hacks/Hackers Paris. Au menu : les API et leur usage dans…</div> <div>#HacksHackers2 A. Fache : "Une API permet de rendre le média liquide, accessible sur n’importe quel objet" #hhparJean-Michel DeMarchi</div> <div><b>Une API n’est pas une porte ouverte</b> d’où les textes pourraient échapper au contrôle de la maison d’édition, bien au contraire.<b> Une API est une interface qui permet de contrôler l’exposition et l’utilisation qui sont faites des données numériques</b> de la maison : son catalogue aussi bien que ses oeuvres. <b>Initier une politique d’APIs c’est d’abord vouloir garder le contrôle de ses données.</b></div> <div>Comment expliquer ce qu’est une API à un patron d’édition ?Virginie Clayssen a joué le jeu en me posant une question sur mon Google Moderator, je ne pouvais pas ne pas y répondre et ne pas jouer l…</div> <div><b>There are countries and legislations that are even trying to turn the very principles of the internet upside down, by making the creation of links an act that one should pay for. On the other end of the spectrum there are newspapers that have public APIs to their content. These newspapers are striving for innovation, by exploring new grounds, instead of sticking to what they know :<br><br>Guardian</b> <p>The Guardian launched it’s <a href= »http://www.guardian.co.uk/open-platform » mce_href= »http://www.guardian.co.uk/open-platform » class= » »>Open Platform</a> in <a href= »http://www.guardian.co.uk/open-platform/blog/announcing-the-open-platform » mce_href= »http://www.guardian.co.uk/open-platform/blog/announcing-the-open-platform » class= » »>March2009</a&am
p;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;.</p> <p>more than 200 applications and products(numbers from May 2010).</p> <p><br /></p> <p><b>New York Times</b></p> <p><a href= »http://blog.programmableweb.com/2008/10/15/the-new-york-times-releases-its-first-api/ » mce_href= »http://blog.programmableweb.com/2008/10/15/the-new-york-times-releases-its-first-api/ » class= » »>PWreported</a> in October 15th, 2008 that the NYT had opened it’s first API.Since then the NYTimes has extended its <a href= »http://developer.nytimes.com/ » mce_href= »http://developer.nytimes.com/ » class= » »>Developer Network</a> extensivelywith the creation of a total of <a href= »http://developer.nytimes.com/docs » mce_href= »http://developer.nytimes.com/docs » class= » »>13APIs</a>.</p> <p><br /></p> <p><b>USA TODAY</b></p> <p>In October 2010 <a href= »http://blog.programmableweb.com/2010/10/25/qa-with-usa-today-on-newspapers-api-launch/ » mce_href= »http://blog.programmableweb.com/2010/10/25/qa-with-usa-today-on-newspapers-api-launch/ » class= » »>programmablewebcovered</a> the opening of the <a href= »http://developer.usatoday.com/ » mce_href= »http://developer.usatoday.com/ » class= » »>Developer Network</a> of USATODAY. </p> <p>Tim Carson (Manager DigitalPlatforms, USA TODAY) noted at a <a href= »http://mashery.com/solution/usatoday » mce_href= »http://mashery.com/solution/usatoday » class= » »>recent Mashery event</a> thatthey had to “spent a lot of time briefing Executives” before launching the USATODAY API.</p> <p><br /></p> <p><b>National Public Radio (NPR)</b></p> <p>NPR has a <a href= »http://www.npr.org/api/index » mce_href= »http://www.npr.org/api/index » class= » »>total of 3 APIs</a>, </p> </div> <div>How Many Newspapers Have an API?There is the old hat of publishing giants struggling to find viable business models in the digital world. Then there are countries and le…</div> <div></div> <div></div> <div> <p>A lot of what we do at Newspaper Club is about making iteasy as possible to access newsprint: to lower the barrier of entry and letpeople make whatever they want. So, today we’re launching the alpha release of the NewspaperClub API. The API provides programatic access to ARTHR, letting you write toolsand apps that generate newspapers from any content you have.</p> <p>As a demonstration, we’ve built a tool nicknamed <a href= »http://telepaper.newspaperclub.com/ » mce_href= »http://telepaper.newspaperclub.com/ » class= » »>The Telepaper</a>, that turns a<a href= »http://www.readability.com/ » mce_href= »http://www.readability.com/ » class= » »>Readability</a> Reading List into anewspaper with just a couple of clicks.</p> </div&am
p;amp;amp;gt; <div>Newspaper Club API DocumentationThis documentation explains how to use the Newspaper Club API. This is an alpha release of the API. You will find bugs, and things may ch…</div> <div><b>Our overall mission is to serve sports fans wherever they consume sports content. To that end, we wish to work with you via the <a href= »http://developer.espn.com/docs » mce_href= »http://developer.espn.com/docs » class= » »>ESPN API</a> to fulfill that mission and deliver engaging sports content to your users. An API program is an excellent way for us to work with partners more quickly and easily than ever,</b> become more nimble and efficient in our product development, and encourage innovation amongst our own employees and even independent developers who may have ideas of how to improve our products and services to serve sports fans around the world.</div> <div>ESPN Developer Center – FAQsOur API is free for non-commercial use, and within the usage limits described when you register for a developer key. If you have a specif…</div> <p>